The BMI Formula

BMI = weight (kg) divided by height squared (m). For example, someone weighing 70 kg at 175 cm: height in metres = 1.75, height squared = 3.0625, BMI = 70 ÷ 3.0625 = 22.9. This falls in the healthy weight range. BMI can be calculated from weight in pounds and height in inches using: BMI = (weight in lbs × 703) ÷ height in inches squared. This formula was derived by the Belgian mathematician Adolphe Quetelet in the 1830s and became widely adopted for population health studies in the 1970s.

BMI Categories

Under 18.5 is Underweight — associated with increased risk of nutritional deficiencies, bone loss, and immune suppression. 18.5–24.9 is the Healthy Weight range. 25–29.9 is Overweight — associated with moderately elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. 30.0–34.9 is Obese Class I. 35.0–39.9 is Obese Class II. 40 and above is Obese Class III — associated with significantly elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnoea, certain cancers, and joint problems.

Limitations of BMI

BMI doesn't distinguish between muscle and fat, and doesn't account for age, sex, or ethnicity. Athletes often score 'overweight' despite being in excellent health. Use it alongside other measurements for a fuller picture.

Limitations of BMI

BMI was created in the 1830s as a population-level statistical measure, not an individual health diagnostic tool. Key limitations: it cannot distinguish between muscle and fat mass (a fit athlete may be classified as obese), it does not account for fat distribution (abdominal fat is more dangerous than the same fat elsewhere), and it is less accurate for older adults and certain ethnic groups. Complementary measures — waist circumference, body fat percentage, and metabolic markers — provide a mo

Not medical advice. This calculator is for general information and education only. Figures are estimates and may not reflect your circumstances. For decisions, consult your GP or a qualified healthcare professional. See our editorial standards.

BMI Calculator

Results update automatically as you type

Enter values above to calculate