LLC vs S Corp Tax Guide

The Self-Employment Tax Problem

Sole proprietors and single-member LLCs pay 15.3% self-employment tax on ALL net business income (up to Social Security wage base $176,100 in 2025, then 2.9% Medicare with no cap, plus 0.9% additional Medicare over $200k single/$250k MFJ). This is on TOP of federal and state income tax. A freelancer netting $120,000 pays roughly $16,950 in SE tax alone — before any income tax. S Corp taxation solves this by treating only your 'reasonable salary' as employment income (subject to FICA), with remai

The Reasonable Salary Requirement

IRS requires S Corp owner-employees to take a 'reasonable salary' — what you'd pay someone else to do your work. Set salary too low and the IRS will reclassify distributions as wages, owing back taxes, penalties, interest. Guidelines: industry benchmarks (BLS occupational data), local market rates, your specific role (CEO of one-person consultancy is different from rank-and-file work). Common ratios: 40-60% of net business income as salary for service businesses; 30-50% for product/sales busines

When S Corp Election Makes Sense

Generally worthwhile above $50,000-70,000 net business income. Quick math: $120k net income, $70k reasonable salary. SE tax as sole prop: $120,000 × 0.9235 × 0.153 = $16,952. As S Corp: $70,000 × 0.0765 (employee FICA) + $70,000 × 0.0765 (employer FICA) = $10,710. SE tax saving: $6,242/year. Subtract compliance costs (~$2,000 = payroll service $800 + extra tax prep $1,200) = net saving $4,242/year. Stack annually = compound savings. Below $50k income, compliance costs eat the savings. Above $200

S Corp Compliance Burden (the Costs)

Electing S Corp adds real overhead: (1) Form 2553 election (one-time, before March 15 of effective year). (2) Quarterly payroll filings — federal 941, state withholding, unemployment. Must use payroll service (Gusto, ADP, OnPay $40-100/month) — DIY is risky. (3) Form W-2 issued to yourself annually. (4) Form 1120-S corporate tax return separate from personal — typically $800-2,000 from CPA. (5) State filings — some states (CA, NY, IL) have S Corp surcharges. California is brutal: $800 annual fra

Not financial advice. This calculator is for general information and education only. Figures are estimates and may not reflect your circumstances. For decisions, consult the FCA register and a qualified financial adviser. See our editorial standards.

LLC vs S Corp Tax Savings Calculator

Results update automatically as you type

Enter values above to calculate