Sun Protection Guide

UV Index and Burn Risk

The UV Index is an international standard measuring solar UV radiation intensity. Scale: 1-2 low (no protection needed for most skin types), 3-5 moderate (protection recommended), 6-7 high (protection required), 8-10 very high (extra precautions), 11+ extreme (avoid being outside in midday hours). Unprotected burn times (Type II skin): UV 3 (approximately 60 minutes), UV 6 (approximately 30 minutes), UV 9 (approximately 20 minutes), UV 11 (approximately 15 minutes). UV is highest 10am-4pm, in mi

How SPF Actually Works

SPF (Sun Protection Factor) multiplies the time before burning. SPF 15 blocks approximately 93% of UVB. SPF 30 blocks 97%. SPF 50 blocks 98%. SPF 50+ blocks 98-99%. The relationship is not linear — going from SPF 15 to SPF 30 adds only 4% more UVB protection. However, SPF 30 doubles the burn time compared to SPF 15. Critical caveat: SPF ratings assume proper application — 2mg/cm² of skin. In practice, most people apply 0.5-1mg/cm², reducing effective SPF dramatically. SPF 50 applied at half the

Water and Sweat Reduce Protection

Water resistance claims on sunscreens are tested under specific conditions — 'water resistant (40 min)' or 'water resistant (80 min)'. After the stated time in water or heavy sweating, protection is significantly reduced regardless of the water resistance rating. In practice: reapply sunscreen immediately after swimming, towelling dry, or prolonged sweating — do not rely on time-based schedules when actively in water. For water sports: consider SPF 50+ water-resistant formulations and accept tha

Vitamin D and Sunscreen

SPF 50 sunscreen reduces vitamin D production by approximately 95% when applied correctly. However, most people do not apply sunscreen perfectly, and partial exposure (face and hands) occurs before full application. The compromise recommended by dermatologists: a brief period (10-15 minutes) of face, arms, and legs exposure during midday summer sun before applying sunscreen — producing meaningful vitamin D without significant burn risk for medium skin types. For lighter skin types (I-II) in high

Sunburn Time & UV Index Calculator

Results update automatically as you type

Enter values above to calculate