Oven Temperature Conversion Calculator
Convert between gas mark, Celsius (conventional and fan oven), and Fahrenheit. Adjust recipes between oven types accurately.
Oven Temperature Guide
Fan vs Conventional Ovens
Fan oven (convection): a fan circulates air, distributing heat evenly. Cooks approximately 20°C cooler at the same setting. Set fan oven to 160°C for what conventional oven achieves at 180°C. Reduces cooking time approximately 10-15%. Better for: even browning, multiple shelves, baking sheets of biscuits or pastries. Conventional oven: heat from elements at top and bottom (no fan). Hotter areas near elements, cooler in middle. Better for: delicate sponges and meringues (gentler heat). Soufflés (
Gas Mark Conversions
British gas marks (each mark = approximately 14°C step): Gas Mark ¼ = 110°C (225°F) = 90°C fan. Gas Mark ½ = 130°C (250°F) = 110°C fan. Gas Mark 1 = 140°C (275°F) = 120°C fan. Gas Mark 2 = 150°C (300°F) = 130°C fan. Gas Mark 3 = 160°C (325°F) = 140°C fan. Gas Mark 4 = 180°C (350°F) = 160°C fan. Gas Mark 5 = 190°C (375°F) = 170°C fan. Gas Mark 6 = 200°C (400°F) = 180°C fan. Gas Mark 7 = 220°C (425°F) = 200°C fan. Gas Mark 8 = 230°C (450°F) = 210°C fan. Gas Mark 9 = 240°C (475°F) = 220°C fan.
Oven Accuracy and Calibration
Most domestic ovens are NOT accurate to set temperature. Typical variation: ±10-20°C from indicator. Old or poorly insulated ovens: variation ±30°C or more. Test your oven: use an oven thermometer. Set to 180°C, leave 30 minutes, check actual temperature. Adjust recipes accordingly. Common issues: temperature spike — oven heats above set point initially, then settles. Wait 15 minutes after preheat indicator before baking sensitive items. Hot spots — different areas of the oven bake at different
Temperature for Different Foods
Bread: hot oven 220-240°C. The high heat creates oven spring (rapid initial rise) and good crust. Often start higher (240°C for 10 min) then reduce. Pizza: as hot as possible — domestic ovens 250-275°C. Pizza stones improve crust by preheating to oven temp before pizza touches it. Cakes: gentle 160-180°C. High temps overbrown outside before centre cooks. Roast meat: 180-200°C for fan oven roasting. Sear at high heat first if desired. Pavlova/meringues: very low 110-120°C — drying out, not cookin
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